Brake-shoe



FITZ WILLIAM SARGENT.

BRAKE SHOE.

APIPLICATIONHLED JULY 8.1919.

Patented Jan. 26, 1920.

3 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

FEE-

ATTORNEYS FITZ WILUAM SARGENT.

BRAKE SHOE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8.1919.

1,328,594, I Patented Jan. 20, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

By 7 {a FITZ WILLIAM SARGENT,

BRAKE SHOE AND FOUNDRY COMPANY, OF

TION OF DELAWARE.

BRAKE-SHOE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 20, 1920.

Application filed July 8, 1919. Serial No. 309,345. i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Frrz WILLIAM SAR- onxr, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of'Mahwah, in the county of Bergen and State ofNew Jersey, have made and invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Brake-Shoes, of which the-following is a specification.

My. invention relates to brake shoes designed to be used with railwayand similar vehicles, and particularly to brake shoes of the type orclass wherein a body portion made from cast metal, or cast metal havingother material embedded therein, is used in connection with a backmade'of wrought -metal or mild steel, the purpose of the back being tohold the parts of the shoe together in case the same should be-brokeninto one or more pieces, as frequently happens vwhen the shoe is in use.

Heretofore in making brake shoes having a wrought metal or steel backthe usual practice has been to support the back within the cavity of themold into which the cast metal is poured to form the body portion of theshoe, whereupon and when the molten cast metal is poured into the moldcavity the wrought metal or steel back becomes embedded in the rearsurface or back of the shoe. This practice, however, results in heatingthe back to a high temperature, and frequently in burning or otherwiseinjuring the same to sucbjan extent as to materially weaken it.Furthermore, in such cases stresses are produced within the body of theshoe as the samecools, due to the presence of the back therein; becausethe back is not heated to'as high a temperature, asthe molten metalpoured into the mold, and the fact that the body portion contracts morerapidly than the back during the cooling of the shoe.

The cooling of the, body molten metal has become in a gripping actionupon body portion continues to portion after the solid thus resultscontract, which I action sets up stresses within the body of the shoetending to crack the body metal along a plane extending longitudinallyof the shoe; it having been found in practice that shoes are requentlysplit in the manor having overhanging side of the fact that relative tot the back as the' nor indicated, which were set up as the shoe cooledand contracted against the'unyielding side edges of the back when theshoe was cast.

It will be further a parent'that a wrought iron or steel back embeddedin the rear face of a brake shoe as above pointed out cannot be removedtherefrom and used again, and that when the shoe is worn out suchportions of the body portion thereto,

k, have to be discarded as scrap material.

In order to avoid the objections above pointed out and as distinguishedfrom the old method of construction referred to, m y invention consistsof the Wrought iron or steel back portion which is made separate fromthe body portion, and is assembled therewith after the body portion hasbeen formed; this result being secured by pronally extending groovedove-tailed in form, walls, along which groove the back may be driven inassembling the parts, the cross section of the back obviouslycorresponding with that of the groove in which it fits; the termdove-tail or undercut referring to a downwardly enlarging opening T vThe steel back of my improved brake shoe in addition cooperates with thebody p'oras to secure the d attaching or key lug and the shoe to getherand in their assembled condition;

the key lug being also made separate from the body of th e shoe, and thesame being provided; with a base portion which fits in a transversegroove ,or recesses provided in the body ortion and is locked in placehe body portion by the back as the same is assembled with the bodyportion of the Shoe to therebyhold all the parts thereof interlocked onewith the other.

YVith the'objeot in view of avoiding the objections above noted, andproviding a brake shoe wherein the back and attaching lug are formedseparately from the body of the shoe and are interlocked one with theother when the shoe is assembled, my invention consists in the improvedbrake shoe illustrated in the due to theinternal stressses accompanyingdrawing and hereinafter described and claimed, and embedded to therebyproduce a brake shoe in such variations and modifications thereof havingamore effective braking action, betas willbe obvious to those skilled inthe art ter wearing qualities, or which is otherwise to which myinvention relates. better suited for the service for which it is In thedrawing accompanying and designed.

forming a part of this specification, and The rear face of the bodyportion 10 is wherein the preferred embodiment of my provided with alongitudinally extending invention is illustrated: dove-tailed groove11, the two ends of which Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevaareopen and unobstructed, as shown in Figs.

10 tion and partly in section upon a plane ex- 1, 2 and 12; and thebottom wall of this tending longitudinally thereof of a brake groove isprovided-with one or more recesses shoe made in accordance with myinven- 12 located adjacent the endsof the shoe, and tion; preferablywith one or more recesses 13' 10- Fig. 2 is; a plan view showing myimcated at the central portion of the shoe.

15 proved brake. shoe, a portion of the key lug The reference numeral 14designates a and a" portion of the back being broken back made fromwrought iron, mild steel, or away to show features which wouldothersimilar material, and which back correwise be hidden; sponds incross section with the cross sec- Fig. 3 is a view showing a sectionupon tion of the dove-tailedgroove 11 in which it 20 a" transverse planeindicated by the line is designed to fit. The end portions of this 3-3,Fig.1; 7 I back in the form thereof shown in Figs. 1, Fig. 4 is a view,showing a section taken 2, 4 and'5 are slitted, at 15, Fig. 5, and the II upon a transverse plane indicated by the portion 16 of reduced widththus out free I line 4-4, Fig. 1, looking toward the right; is so shapedas to provide a hump or lug 17.

I 25, Fig. 5 'fs'a fragmentary view showing one This lug is commonlyformed before. the

35 shoe;

' construction of back whereb the same may back. is assembled with theshoe, and the be secured against longitu inal movement free end 18 ofthe portion 16 then lies above relative to the body portion of the shoe,this the plane of the under side of the back. being the form of backused in the embodi- After the back has been driven into place 30 ment ofmy invention illustrated in Figs. inthe dove-tailed slot 11, however,the free 1, 2 and 4. ends 18 of the lugs at each end of the back Fig. 6is a fragmentary view showin an are forced downward, as by a blow from aalternative method of securing the ack hammer, and made to enter therecesses 12 against movement longitudinally of the in the back of thebody portion, thereby preventing longitudinal movement of the back Fig.7 is a view showing a section upon a relative to the body portion of theshoe. longitudinally extending plane indicated by Other portions of'theback indicated by .the line 7-7, Fig. 6;. the reference numerals 19 arealso prefer- Fig. 8 is a v'ew showing the end portion ablv out free fromthe same along. all; but

.40 of the back shown in Figs. 6 and 7 before one of their sides totherebyprovide fas- 05 the same is bent over to form a loop shown teninglugs or tongues which may be driven in said figures; downward andintothe recesses 13 in the Fig. 9 is a view partly in side elevationbody of the shoe when the parts thereof are and, partly in sectionupon'a longitudinally assembled, to thereby more effectively pre- 45extending plane of an embodiment of my invent the falling away ofportions of the 50 Fig. 9.;

vention III which a key lug integral .with the body portion from theyback should the ho dy body of the shoe is used; portion become brokenwhen in use; It Fig. 10 is a view showing a section upon a will beappreciated, however, that these lasttransverse plane indicated by theline 10-10, mentioned lugs,-as well as the recesses with a which theycooperate, may be omitted Fi 11 is a view similarto' Fig. 9 but shouldit be deemed desirable to do so, as showing the key lug as made from asuitable the fastcnings provided by the end lugs 17 wrought metal blankbent so as to provide and the recesses 12 Wlll be adequate in a form oflug commonly referred to as of many services.

55 the box' type The lugs or humps 17 he in between the Fig. 12 1s aview showing the shoe shown toes or end supporting lugs of an ordinaryin Fig. 11 in plan; and, standard type of brake head when the shoe Fig.13 is a view showing a section upon a s in use, and prevent sidewisemovement of transverse plane indicated by the line 13-13, the ends ofthe shoe; and end lugs 20 are 60 Fig. 11. provided at the ends of thebody portion 1-25 Referring to the drawing, the refrence nufor taking upthe thrust, due to the retardv meral 10 designates the bodyportion of mymg action of the brake shoes, which 18 improved brake shoe; the samebeing orditransmitted through the shoe to the brake narilv made fromcast iron, or from cast head, when the brakes are applied, said 65 ironin which inserts of other material are lugs engaging with the endsupporting lugs I able attaching or I t1on, after the back is in placevented.

head with which my improved brake shoe is designed tobe used; y lmprovedbrake shoe is secured to the brake head whereby it is supported by asuit key lug designated byv the reference numeral 21in Figs. 1, 2 and3,. the form thereof there shown having longitudinal openings 22 toaccommodate the ordinary key whereby the shoe is secured to a brakehead. This attachin or key lug made separate from the-b0 y portion 10 ofthe shoe; and the same is ordinarily made from malleable iron, wroughtmetal, or of a metal which is tougher and stronger than the body portionof the shoe, in order to more eifectively resist'the strains to whichthe lug is subjectedwhen the shoe is in use. The lug 21 is providedwitha base portion 23 which fits withina transversely extending recess orgroove 24 provided in the body portion 10, the groove and base beingshown as dove-tailed in form in order to provide an interlockingconnection between the key lug and the body portion of the shoe. Thebase 23 of the lug is shown as provided with a dove-tailed recess 25 ofsuch a width and so arranged as to register with the longitudinallyextending roove 11 provided for the back 14: when the lug is in place;from which it follows that when thekey lug is in the transverse groove24 provlded for 1t, and the back 14 is driven longitudinally along thegroove 1l within which it fits, the lug will be held in place relativeto the body and all the parts of the shoe ihterlocked with one another;thereby providing an extremely strong'connection between the parts ofthe shoe, all of which are interlocked with one another and mutuallysecured together in the. assembled. shoe. 7 Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show aslightly modifiedscheme for preventing longitudinal movement of the back14 after'it has been introh duced into the groove ll ception, ashereinbefore ziplained. In this form of my invention the end of the backis provided with an extending portion or tongue 26 of reduced width andwhich porrelative to the body portion of the shoe, is bent about a pin27 extending through the end lugs 28 ofthe" bodyportion, therebyproviding a loop through which the pin extends and whereby longitudinalmovement of the back is preprovided for its re- In view of the-premisesit will be appreciated that the wrought metal or mild steel back is anc'lement entirely separate from the body portion of the shoe, and isassembled therewith after the body portionhas been produced. Ittherefore follows that the back is not burned or otherwise injuredduring the casting operation; and I may here refound feasible inpractice to form 'lILlJllB back by the use ofasimple core with suchportion or portions are forced into recesses 13 formed in the middleportion mark that Iam enabled to use a back made from-much thinner metalthan has heretofore'been possible, because of the fact that the same isin no way burned or injured by hot metal during-the casting operation.It will also. be appreciated that the cost of providing a steel back forthe greatly reduced, as the complicated and expensive molding operationheretofore necessary to position a back in a it in place while themolten metal is poured thereinto,

is entirely avoided; it having been the groove sufficient accuracytoprovide for tion'of the steel back subsequently driven thereinto, as avclose and even bearin throughout the entire extent; of the back isunnecessary in practice. Furthermore, the fact that the metal ordinarilyemployed to form the back is quite thin permits the back be driven intoplace, even though there be some irregularity/along the side edges ofthe groove within which it fits.

the recep It will be obvious that when the body portion of the shoe hasbeen worn to such an extent as to be no longer serviceable the lugs l7may be bent up, and the back driven out of the groove within which'itlies with comparative ease; or of the body as may still be attached tothe back by the side walls of the groove may-be broken away from theback; whereupon'both the back and the at taching lug may be used with anew body portion, as hereinbefore stated; it having been found feasiblein practice to use a single lug and back with several successive bodyportions;

. In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10 thesteel or wroughtiron back 141s made separate fromthe cast metal bodyportion 10 bling the parts, the same as hereinbefore explained; afterwhich the tongues or lugs 19 groove within which the back lies tothereby prevent movement of the back along the groove. The attaching orkey lug 29, however, is'integral with the body of the shoe, as bestshown in Fig. lug is reinforcedand in part formed by a bar bent toprovide a top portion 30, dependingsides 31, and hooks or toes 32, allexcept of the top bar SO-being 1n the cast metal from which the body ofthe-shoe isformed. The sides of illlllfi Isteel backl4 overlie the toes32 when t e 10, thereby greatly strengthening the lug and preventing thewrought-iron or steel bar embedded in and forn'ung a part thereof frompulling out from the body portion, and

embedded body portion ismold, and to hold the botor the loops 28 opened,7

10; and the said ack is in'place, as best shown in Fig. 1

i the center lugs of the lug as a Whole from being broken oif from thebody of the shoe.

Figs. 11,12 and 13 show aform of my invention wherein a hollow lug ofbox-like form, and of a class or type commonly referred'to as box lugs,is employed for supporting the shoe in a brake head. The lug shown ismade from a suitable wrought iron or steel blank of general cross-shapeform and having portions which when bent downward form the end plates 33of the lug, which plates provide extended bearings for the shoe issupported; together with other portions shown as bent downward toprovide 't-he sides 34 whereb the lag is attached to. the body 10 of thes oe, andinward to form hooks or toes 35 which These base portions orlugs lie within transversely extending grooves or recesses 36 which,while shown as'separated one from the other, may obviously take the formof a single recess or groove within which the parts 35which form thebase of the key'lug lie when the lug and body portion are assembled. Thesteel back 14in this form of my invention overlies the lugs or toes 35of the key lug when the parts of the shoe are assembled, and serves tofasten the same to the body of the shoe; the said back fitting in adove-tailed. roove 11, andvthe same being. prevented ment therein bylugs 19 depressed into re-. cesses 13 provided in the bottom wall of thegroove, as will be understood. The end walls 33- are provided with holes37 through which the key which fastens the shoe to the brake headextends and, while the back is shown in Figs. 9, 11 and 12 as unprovidedwith guide lugs such as are provided by the humps 17 and the tongues 26in the forms of my invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 8, it will beappreciated that such or other forms of guide lugs for preventingsidewise movement of the ends ofthe shoe will be provided, should theirvpresence be deemed necessary or desirable, and'that such lugs are infact commonly present in most forms of brake shoes in use upon railwayvehicles.

' Havingthus invention, I claim Letters Patent: a

1. A brake-shoe comprising a body porlongitudinallyextendrear facethereof and a back fitting within formed in; said described andexplained my and desire to secure by ing groove on the a plurality ofpockets; said groove, and i"meansback and pockets to in their said 2. Ina bra e shoe,a body portion having a. longitudinally extendingdove-tailed or "undercut groove of uniform width throughthereby retainthe shoe and back 1positions.

the brake-head whereby Y sembling the parts;

in effect constitute. the base of the lug regarded in its entirety.

gtudinal movement thereof rom longitudinal moveend lugs spaced apart alongitudinally extending to provide a loop;

through said loop;

adapted to be forced into said out; a back corresponding in width withthe width of said groove and so shaped as to move longitudinally thereofin assembling the parts; means for locking said back against movementlongitudinally of said body portion; and an attaching lug wherebythe'shoe may be secured to a suitable brake head.

3. In a brake shoe, a. body portion having a longitudinallyextendingdove-tailed or undercut groove of uniform width throughout; "aback corresponding in width with thewidth of said groove and so shapedas to move longitudinally thereof in -=asmeans carried by said back. andadapted to engage saidbody portion for locking the same against movementlongitudinally of said body portion; and an attaching lug whereby theshoe may be secured to a suitable brake head.

- 4. In a brake shoe, a body portion having a longitudinally extendingdove-tailed or undercut groove .of uniform width throughout; a backcorresponding in width, with the width of said groove and so shaped asto move longitudinally thereof in as-' sembling the parts, and whichbackis provided with a portion adapted to be bent and made to engage thebody portion to thereby lock the back in place and prevent longiwithinsaid. groove; and an attaching lug whereby the shoe may be secured to asuitable brake head.

5. In a brake shoe, a body portion having a longitudinally extendingdotve-tailed or undercut groove; a back corresponding in width with thewidth of said groove and so shaped as to move longitudinally thereof in.assembling the parts, and a portion of which back is out free therefromto thereby provide a tongue; a recess formed in the bottom wall of saidgroove adjacentsaid tongue and into which the same may depressed; and anattaching lug whereby {the shoe may be secured to a suitable brake.head.

' 6. In a'brake shoe, a bodyp'ortion'having from one another anddove-tailed or undercut groove extending. between said lugs; a backcorresponding in width with the width of said roove and so shaped as tomove longitudina 1y thereof in assembling the parts and the end of whichback is bent a pin extending through in said end lugs and and anattaching lug be secured to'a suitaopenings provided wherebv the shoemay b'le brake head..

. 7 In a brake shoe, a body portion having end lugs spaced apart fromone another, and alongitudlnally extending dove-tailed or undercutgroove extending between said lugs; a back corresponding in width withthe widthof said groove and so shaped as to assesses move longitudinallythereof in assembling t e ports, and the end of which back is providedwith on extending portion of reduced width and which portion is bent toprovide it loop; u. pin extending provided in [said endings and throughsaid loop; end an attaching lug whereby the shoe may be secured to asuitable brulte head.

8. in o broke shoe at body portion having alongitudinelly extendingdove-tailed or. undercut groove; a centrally located key lug termedseparately from said body portion and whereby the brake shoe may besecured to 2. suitable brake head; and: a hock-corresponding in widthwith the width of said groove and inslly stereo in assembling the parts,and which hock engages with said securin lug when the ports areassembled to thereby lock said lug and body portion together. 9 I in a,brake shoe, ohody portion having it longitudinally extending dove-tailedor undercut groove, and a transversely extend ting groove locatedadjacent the central por- 331011 of the shoe; a securing lug formedsepsrote T from solid bod portion and having a, base portion lyingwithin said transverse groove; and a heck correspondin in width with thewidth of said longituinally extending groove and so shaped as to movelongitudinally thereof in assembling the ports, the arrangement of theparts being such the hack engages with the said securing lug to therehylock the parts of the assembled shoe together.

10., In it broke shoe, a body portion having s longitudinally extendingdove-tailed or undercut groove, and a centrally located adopted towithin engages with the base portion transversely extending dove-toiledor undercut groove interesting sol-d first-mentioned groove; o key lugformed separately from said body portion and having a, base thetransverse groove aforesaid; end a. back corresponding in Width with thewidth of said roove and so shaped as to move longitudinally thereof inossernblin the parts, the relative arrange inent of ti e parts beingsuch that the hack of the key lug to thereby lock the parts together inthe assembled shoe.

11. In a brskeshce, a. body portion havinga longitudinally extendindove-tailed or undercut groove, and a cen 'ally located transverselyextending dovetailed or undercut groove intersecting saidfirst-mentioned groove; a key lug formed separately from said bodyportion and having a base ads ted to fit witoin the transverse groove a;oresaid, and a dove-tailed or undercut recess through openings so shapedas to move longitu-' portion of the brake head; with the width of saidas to move longitudinally thereof in assemblin the ports, and a adoptedto register with the dove-tailed or undercut groove in said body portionwhen the lug is in place; and a back corresponding in Width with thewidth of said groove and so shaped as to move longitudinally thereof inosseni. ling the ports the relative arrangement of the parts being suchthat the backlies within the dove-toiled or undercut recess in the baseportion of the key lug when the pelts are assembled to thereby lock theparts together in the assembled s oe.

12. In a. brake shoe, a body portion hoving s longitudinally extendingdove-tailed or undercut groove, and transversely extending recesseslocated adjacent the central shoe and beneath the bottom Wall of saidgroove; :1 securing lug termed separately from-saidbody portion andhaving bottom or base portions lying within said recesses; and abackcorresponding in width with thewidth of said longitudinally extendinggroove'and so shaped as to move longitudinally thereof in assembling theparts, and which heel: overlies the portions of said securing lug whichlie within said recesses when the pertsof the shoe are assembled.

l3. ln a brake shoe, a body portion having a longitudinally extendingdove-toiled or undercut groove; e. lzey lug formed sepsratelyifrom saidbody portion and whereby the brake shoe may be secured to at suitablebrake head; and t back corresponding in Width With the wi th of saidgroove and so shaped as to move longitudinally thereof in assembling theparts, and a portion of which back engages with a portion of the lugstoresaid to thereby fasten the lug to the shoe when the ports areassembled.

let. in it broke shoe, s body portion having a longitudinallyeiitendingdove-toiled or undercut groove; s key lug formed separately from saidbody portion and whereby the brake shoe may be secured to a suitable a.back corresponding in width groove and so shaped portion of which backover 1es a1 portion of the lug aforesaid to thereby fasten the lug tothe shoe when the parts are assembled.

Signed at New York, borough of Manhattan, in the .county'of New York andState of New York, this 2nd day of July A. D.

FITZ WILLIAM SARGEN T. Witnesses;

E. B. SIBBALD, WALLACE B. SUTHERLAND.

lot

